By placing solar panels in space where the sun shines all the time and then beaming the energy to Earth, solar power is converted into a firm, dispatchable, and baseload-ready energy source. A lifecycle assessment shows that Space-based solar power (SBSP) only uses 40 g CO2eq/kWh compared to coal at 1,000 g CO2eq/kWh.
In a transitional period, a set of remotely controlled satellites could simply mirror sun light to diminish Earth heating. The probably need to be in Lagrange point 1 (1.5 million kilometer from Earth toward the Sun). As the Sun has a diameter of 1.4 million kilometers and is (in average) 150 million kilometers from Earth, the diameter of the mirror would a fraction of the 14 thousand kilometers needed to hide the Sun from Earth. The excess energy kept by Earth is about 4 W/m² and the quantity going through L1 is about 1600 W/m² (at L1): a mirror of 800 kilometers in diameter could do the job... It could be a triangle made of ultra light fabric with small rockets at each corner to keep the shape and the position... This approach called "SRM from space" is criticized: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_radiation_modification
In a transitional period, a set of remotely controlled satellites could simply mirror sun light to diminish Earth heating. The probably need to be in Lagrange point 1 (1.5 million kilometer from Earth toward the Sun). As the Sun has a diameter of 1.4 million kilometers and is (in average) 150 million kilometers from Earth, the diameter of the mirror would a fraction of the 14 thousand kilometers needed to hide the Sun from Earth. The excess energy kept by Earth is about 4 W/m² and the quantity going through L1 is about 1600 W/m² (at L1): a mirror of 800 kilometers in diameter could do the job... It could be a triangle made of ultra light fabric with small rockets at each corner to keep the shape and the position... This approach called "SRM from space" is criticized: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_radiation_modification